Data communication is the key element that connects us with the devices and services that we rely on in our interconnected digital world. It is comprised of a variety of methods and media that dictate how information flows from one end to the next. Understanding how it works helps us to design an efficient and reliable network that delivers the benefits of greater connection for increased efficiency and productivity in business, and innovations within automation.
Data communication is the transfer of data between computers via the medium or channel. It can be done via a wire cable or radio frequency, satellite signal or wirelessly. The sender is the person or device transmitting data and the receiver is the computer receiving the data. In a network for data communication, more than two computers can be involved in the process of communication.
Multiplexing and demultiplexing are both communication technologies that optimize bandwidth usage and reduce costs. Both of these methods require specialized equipment that can combine and then separate signals. This function is often performed by custom integrated circuits which are used in a variety of communication products, such as cellphones, computers, and printers.
The data communication mode that allows simultaneous two-way communication between a pair of devices is referred to as full-duplex communication. This type of communication is more complicated than simplex transmission, since it requires the ability to send and receive data simultaneously.